In this introduction, we have described the insect orders beginning with the most primitive wingless insects, and ending with the insect groups that have undergone the greatest evolutionary change. Most insects of this order have two wings not counting the halteres, clublike limbs which are homologous to the second pair of wings found on insects of other orders. Insects are the most species rich group of organisms on earth as indicated in this speciesscape. They were the first flying creatures and still the only invertebrates that can fly. They are the most successful animals inhabiting every conceivable ecological condition. From there, simply follow the directions at the end of the true statement until you are finally given the name of the order your insect. Incomplete metamorphosis mainly feed on leaves and flowers and may spread diseases. Insect order identification home revised march 4, 2018 comparison of insects found in home gardens page 3 and the following arachnids.
More discussion about this classification, with a list of more detailed references, can be found in peter c. The name is derived from the greek di two, and ptera wings. Class insecta insects are the largest group of animals, which constitute 75% of all living animals. With only 25 species described worldwide, grylloblattodea is the second smallest order of insects. More than 1 million of the categorized 2 million species are arthropods. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Are one of two insect orders that are eusocial termites, bees, ants have castes, workers, soldiers division of labor that is continuous throughout a lifecycle castes system means that there a morphological and behavioral differences alates adults only. There are more than one million living species in the world and many more yet to be discovered. It also contains detailed information on all the 558 families of british insects.
During this era, some giant dragonflylike forms reached wingspans of 55 to 70 cm 22 to 28 in, making them far larger than any living insect. Common insect orders and general characteristics 01 order. The size of the organism reflects the number of described species. Ancestors of insects, spiders, and centipedes hit land. From there, simply follow the directions at the end of the true statement until you are finally given the name of the order your insect belongs to. Return to insect order home page 1 of 3 butterflies have clubbed antennae some moths have feathery antennae some moths have threadlike antennae wing scales can make colorful patterns adult female bagworms are wingless clearwing moth visit us on the web. Our fourteen point wingless insect key can assist in identifying a winged insect.
Identification and recognition of insect pests and their damage. Lepidoptera butterflies, moths, skippers life cycle. Recent classification of orders of insects keywords. Classification of class insecta upto orders insect is a. The silverfish and firebrats are found in the order thysanura. The most broadly accepted hypotheses for loss of flight in insects have focused on loss of wings resulting from increased fitness of individuals. Common true bugs and related insects orders hemiptera. Bark and book lice formally psocoptera scavengers that feed on fungi, lichens, insect eggs, and organic debris parasitic lice chewing and sucking lice formally phthiraptera ectoparasites that feed on blood, skin, hair, and feathers. Familiarity with the twentynine insect orders is the key to identifying and understanding insects.
The plecoptera have aquatic nymphs that do not resemble the adult stage hemimetabolous development. Diplurans, proturans, and springtails are now referred to as the entognathous orders of hexapods. The evolution of wings was the central adaptation allowing insects to escape predators, exploit scattered resources, and disperse into new niches, resulting in radiations into vast numbers of. In an order, there are classes, orders, suborders, families and genera, which constitute the living things that procreate with one another. These are grouped together into two subclasses called the apterygota wingless insects and the pterygota winged insects for further information on classes, orders and subclasses see the classification section. Three of the five orders classified as apterygota are no longer considered true insects.
Wingless flies are found on some islands and other isolated places. Key to hexapod arthropod orders lake forest college. For example, wingless females can theoretically divert more of their energy into making eggs rather than making wings and flight muscles, the latter comprising 1020 percent of most insects body. Insect orders with a complete life cycle conventionally, insect orders are studied from those which are considered to be the most primitive, progressing through those which are more advanced ies, moths, bees, and beetles. They are wingless insects often found in peoples attics, and have a lifespan of. Insect orders free download as powerpoint presentation. Taxonomy is the day today practice dealing with organism kinds, handling and identification of specimen, publication of data, study of literature and analysis of.
They are so well camouflaged that they move slowly on their food plants and are rarely seen by predators. Classification of insects refers to the arrangement of insects into groups and the groups into systems called classification taxonomy this is the science of identifying, naming and classifying organisms. Common true bugs and related insects orders hemiptera and. Millions of years ago 500 400 300 200 100 present day wings can fold over backno external wing developmentfeeding on flowering plants diversification of pollinators of flowering plantssocial behavior ancestors of insects, spiders, and centipedes hit landfirst insects first winged insects moths bees, ants wingless wings cant fold. A complete list of the 31 living insect orders apterygota wingless insects 1 from cisco 103 at normandy high school. Common insect ordersadapted from berkeley natural history museums lesson a quick way to identify common insect orders with edits by ertell 2. Classification of insects royal entomological society. Traditionally, the pterygota has been divided into two groups, the palaeoptera old wing orders and the neoptera new wing orders.
Small head with larger, pearshaped thorax and nine segmented abdomen. Taxonomy and classification of insects academicscope. A pictorial key to the order of adult insects purdue extension. Late carboniferous and early permian insect orders include both extant groups, their stem groups, and a number of paleozoic groups, now extinct.
Of these, which orders are primitively wingless never evolved wings and which have evolved winglessness from winged ancestors. Classification of class insecta upto orders phylum. Collembola are tiny, wingless insects with chewing mouthparts and incomplete. Insect scientists entomologists categorize groups of living entities as how they are related through the theory of evolution. Primitive wingless insects these insects are wingless and have no metamorphosis are ametabolous, juveniles resemble adults except for size and sexual maturity, molting continues until death. Members of this order are long, wingless insects found in damp places and run fast when disturbed. All orders except the plecoptera have terrestrial wingless immature stages that resemble the adult stage paurometabolous development. They have two pairs of narrow, fringed wings, although some are wingless.
One pair of wings go to 3 two pairs of wings go to 7 3. The wingless stripe is immediately anterior to the engrailed stripe, as in drosophila. Traits used to classify insects mouthparts wings wingless paleoptera neoptera exoptergota endoptergota genitalia insects are classified into about 32 orders and 939 families. Know the basic body forms of adult and immature insects. The phasmatodea are an order of insects, whose members are variously known as stick insects in europe, walking sticks in the united states of america, ghost insects and leaf insects generally the family phyliidae. Quick summary of insect and non insect orders table 2. Hind wings are represented by a pair of slender, clubshaped structures called halteres. This evolutionary lineage is referred to as the pterygota. Coleoptera is the largest order of insects with 290,000 species worldwide and some 24,000 species in north america. Barnards book the royal entomological society book of british insects, published by wileyblackwell in 2011, and obtainable from the res. Polyneoptera contd the polyneoptera consists of 11 extant orders. Most adults in north america are wingless tropical forms may have wings. The term entognath ento meaning inside, and gnath meaning jaw refers to their internal mouthparts. Classification of class insecta upto orders insect is a six legged arthropod.
The scientific name for the order thysanoptera comes from the greek thysanos fringe and pteron wing. The insect orders taxonomic name common name species worldwide the apterygota wingless insects with no true metamorphosis. What are the advantages and disadvantages of being wingless. In head a pair of antenna and a pair of compound eyes are usually present. Identification and recognition of insect pests and their. Body grasshopperlike with enlarged hind legs and pronotum orthoptera. The insects class insecta are divided into a number of orders. By broad comparative analysis, we can hope to trace the. Pdf the phylogeny of the insect orders researchgate.
Common true bugs and related insects orders hemiptera and homoptera in the wichita mountains and surrounding areas. In addition to the class insecta there are three other classes of invertebrates that have six legs, these three. Insect groups orders amateur entomologists society aes. This order includes over 370 species including silverfish.
Insect has wings go to 2 insect wingless or with poorly developed wings go to 30 2. I prefer to go in the opposite order, because the more advanced orders are more commonly. There are over 6,000 species of homopterans in the u. I prefer to go in the opposite order, because the more advanced orders.
Winged or secondarily wingless evolved from winged ancestors. A pictorial key to the order of adult insects winged wingless go to page 64 front wings hardened, leathery or parchmentlike at least at the base front wings membranous go to page 61 chewing mouthparts sucking mouthparts without pincerlike cerci with pincerlike cerci front wings leathery at base and membranous at end front wings of uniform. A complete list of the 31 living insect orders apterygota. What is the name of the order of insects that are wingless. A few forms are wingless as adults, primarily parasites. Loss and recovery of wings in stick insects nature.
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